Предлоги времени

Lesson 7

Предлоги времени

Prepositions of Time

 

Предлог IN употребляется:

- c временами года-in spring;

- с месяцами-in May;

- c годами- in 1995;

- с частями суток- in the morning НО: on Friday evening

- в значении “через”-in 5 minutes

Предлог ON употребляется:

- c днями недели-on Sunday

- с датами-on the 1st of June     

on my birthday

 Предлог AT употребляется:

- со временем-at 5 oclock

- at night;

- at midnight;

- at Christmas, at Easter  НО: On Christmas Day ,on Easter Day;

- at the weekend;

- at the moment;

- at lunchtime;

IN

in the morning, in winter, in May, in 1917, in late September

утром, зимой, в мае, в 1917, в конце сентября

AT

at 9 p.m., at night, late at night, at Christmas

в 9 вечера, ночью, поздно ночью, на Рождество

ON

on Sunday, on the 1st of May, on holiday, on a business trip

в воскресенье, 1-го Мая в отпуск, в командировке

BY

by 5 o'clock, by the end of the war

к 5 часам, к концу войны

DURING

during the game

во время игры

FOR

for three days, for some time

в течение трех дней, некоторое время

FROM... TILL...

from early morning till late at night, from 5 till 7 tomorrow

с раннего утра до поздней ночи, с 5 до 7 завтра

AFTER

after school, after supper

После школы, после ужина

IN

in a day or two, in a fortnight

через день-два, через две недели

SINCE

since yesterday, since then

со вчерашнего дня,  с тех пор

 


Prepositions of place (места)


В различных словосочетаниях:

At:

- at    a conference/congress/meeting/lesson/performance;

- at            the beginning of a street/road;

- at         a bus stop/a taxi station/a railway station/

             the entrance (exit);

- at Christmas;        - at least;         - at once;        - at the same time;

- at Easter;              - at last;          - at present;     - at the weekend;

- at home;               - at night;       - at the moment;    - at work;

- at smb's invitation/request/suggestion.

on:

- on a diet;                                               - on time;

- on behalf of;                                          - on TV;

- on business;                                        - on the radio/phone;

- on duty;                                              - on a cold autumn day;

- on holiday;                                          - on the one hand;

- on fire;                                                - on the other hand;

- on foot;                                          - on Monday/Tuesday etc.

- on purpose;

by:

- by air/bus/car/train/ship;

- by accident;

- by hand;

- by mistake;

- by myself/yourself/himself/themselves;

- by the way.

in:

- in spring/summer/autumn/winter;

- in the morning/afternoon/evening;

- in trouble;

- in secret;

- in love;

- in danger;

- in confidence;

- in fact.

Со следующими глаголами и существительными:

объявлять кому-то                            announce

принадлежать кому-то                     belong

жаловаться кому-то                         complain

описывать кому-то                           describe           to smb

диктовать кому-то                            dictate

объяснять кому-то                            explain

доказывать кому-то                          prove

          отвечать кому-то                               reply

докладывать кому-то                        report

говорить кому-то                              say

казаться кому-то                              seem

извиняться перед кем-то за что-то apologize to smb for smth

просить у кого-то что-то                  ask for smth

поздравлять кого-то с чем-то    congratulate smb on smth

комментировать что-то                   comment on smth

соответствовать чему-то                  correspond to smth

способствовать чему-то                   contribute to smth

зависеть от кого-то/чего-то              depend on smb/smth

оканчиваться чем-то                         end in smth

мешать кому-то                                 interfere with smb

ссылаться на кого-то/что-то              refer to smb/smth

напоминать кому-то о чём-то          remind smb of smth

сочувствовать кому-то sympathize with smb (feel for smb)

торговать чем-то                               trade in smth

работать над чём-то                          work at, on smth

в соответствии с чем-то                    according to smth

преимущество над кем-то                advantage over smb

в распоряжении кого-то                    at smb's disposal

за чей-то счет                                     at smb's expense

по мнению кого-то         in smb's opinion (to smb's mind)

После следующих глаголов предлоги не употребляются:

отвечать кому-то                                  answer smb

аплодировать кому-то                          applaud smb

награждать кого-то                  award smb an order/medal

верить кому-то                                      believe smb

касаться/иметь отношения к кому-то concern smb

противоречить кому-то                        contradict smb

завидовать кому-то                               envy smb

помогать кому-то                                 help smb

повиноваться кому-то                          obey smb

приказывать кому-то                           order smb

противостоять кому-то                        resist smb

рисковать чем-то (жизнью, здоровьем)        risk smth

                                                              (one's life/health)

Выполните упражнения

 

1. Вставьте предлоги времени:  at, in, on.

1) ___ the evening;                 9) ___ November;

2) ___ Monday;                      10) ___ the summer;

3) ___ midnight;                     11) ___ 2006;

4) ___ April 23th;                   12) ___ noon;

5) ___ 5.30;                             13) ___ the 15th century;

6) ___ Tuesday morning;        14) ___ Sunday evening;

7) ___ Christmas;                    15) ___ a spring night;

8) ___ 6.30;

 

2. Вставьте предлоги: in, at, from, to, since, on.

1) I saw him _____ Monday. 2) Is your birthday _____ April? – Yes, I was born ____ 9th April. 3) We’ll visit you ____ spring. 4) I always visit my grandparents ____ Christmas. ____ Christmas Day we have big family party. 5) We saw them _____ 2004 but we haven’t seen them ____ then. 6) I lived in Paris ____ 2003 ____ 2005. 7) The shop is open _____ 7.30 a.m. onward. 8) I’m busy _____ the morning, but I can see you ____ lunchtime or _____ the beginning of the afternoon.

 

 

3. Заполните пропуски предлогами места:  at, in, on.

1) Peter’s _______________ the kitchen.

2) The money’s ____________ the table.

3) He was waiting __________ the station.

4) The milk’s ______________ the fridge.

5) They sat ________________ the wall.

6) They made the film _______ Hollywood.

7) I saw them ______________ the station.

8) Mary’s not here she’s _____ the office.

9) They were sitting _________ the floor.

10) The butter’s ________ the shelf ______ the cupboard.

11) The money’s ___________ my pocket.

12) They are all ____________ the garden.

13) The papers are __________ my desk.

14) They are all ____________ the car.

 

4. Вставьте предлоги .

My best friend is always……diet.

Liz goes to work ……..bus.

Yesterday we came …….foot from night club.

Tom and Sarah met ………..accident.

He thinks he is …….danger now.

There are a lot of serious programmers …..TV.

…….. one hand, I liked the film…….. other hand, it was difficult to understand it.

……. holiday I often go abroad.

Some people like walking …….foot.

There were a lot of children ………. bus stop.

 

5. Употребите вместо пропусков нужные предлоги:

We are students. ……….. the morning we go ………… the institute. Our lectures begin ………….. 9 o'clock. We have no lectures …………… Saturday. We stay ………… home …………. weekends. We take examinations ……….. January and June. We don't study ………… summer. We come ………….. the classroom and sit down …………… the tables. We take our books and notebooks ……….. the table. Sometimes they are ………. the table. During the lesson we go ……….. the blackboard and write sentences ……….. it. When our classes are over we go ……… the classroom and go home. We usually come back ………. the institute …….. 3.30 ……. the afternoon.

 

6. Вставьте в предложения предлоги in/on, during:

1. There were two good films ……… the plane.

2. I'm going to Scotland ……… July.

3. love sitting ……….. the beach.

          4.Grandma usually sleeps in the guest bedroom …. her visit.

5. She lives ……Australia.

6. The ticket wasn't …….. my pocket.

7. The phone number's ………. the menu.

8. My birthday's ………… December 22nd.

9. ……….. the holidays, we played tennis and did a lot of swimming.

 

7. В данных предложениях употребите предлоги between или among:

1. The work was shared ………. all.

2. He divided the money ……….. his three children.

3. He hid ……….. the trees.

4. The officer walked ………… the two lines of soldiers.

5. ……….. all those boys, he hadn't a single friend.

6. There was a fight ………… the two friends.

7. The ball passed ………….. the goal-posts.

8. Don't be afraid! We are …………. friends.

9. The title of the book is «Life  ……….. the animals».

10. The cake was divided …………. the two boys.