Настоящее простое время

Lesson 11

 

Настоящее простое время.

(Present Simple)

 

Present Simple употребляется:

1) для выражения действий происходящих всегда, часто, обычно, периодически – I go to the University every day.

Для указания на повторный характер действия часто употребляются слова every day/week, month, year, often, seldom, always, usually, sometimes.

He often speaks English

2) для выражения общеизвестных истин

The Earth moves round the Sun.

Water boils at 100 degrees.

Present Simple совпадает с первой формой глагола – инфинитивом без частицы to для всех лиц и чисел, кроме 3 лица единственного числа.

В этой форме к основе инфинитива прибавляется окончание -s или - es. Окончание -s прибавляется к основе большинства глаголов:

to writehe writes

to workhe works

Окончание -es используется тогда, когда глагол в инфинитиве оканчивается на: а) s, ss, ch, sh, tch, x:

to dress – he dresses

to watch – he watches

б) y, перед которым стоит согласная, y при этом меняется на i.

to tryhe tries

 

Проследим образование утвердительной, вопросительной и отрицательной формы по таблице:

 

 

Число

Утвердительная форма

Вопросительная форма

Отрицательная форма

Единствен

ное число

I work

Do I work?

I do not (don’t) work

He

She            works

It

            he

Does   she work

            it

He   does not

She      work

It       doesn’t

Множеств-

венное число

We

You                           work.

They

           we

Do   you   work

          they

We    do not     work

You         

They   don’t

 

Выполните упражнения.

 

1.Напишите следующие глаголы в форме 3-го лица единственного числа.

want                   wash                     study                go

read                    kiss                        carry                 do

eat                      catch                      fly                   

think                   crash                     cry

 

2. Замените местоимение I на местоимения he или she по образцу.

Образец: I go to the office every day.

                He goes to the office every day.

1) I write many letters every day.

___________________________________________________

2) I read all of the important letters.

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3) I study the reports very carefully.

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4) I usually work in the main office.

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5) I meet all of the important visitors.

___________________________________________________

6) I answer all of the important letters.

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7) I send letters to many other companies.

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  8) I talk to Smith and Brown every day.

___________________________________________________

 

3. Вставьте вместо точек глаголы, данные в скобках, в форме Present Simple по образцу.

Образец:   I … in the main office. (work)

                  I work in the main office.

                  Mr Wilson … very hard. (work)

                  Mr Wilson works very hard.

 

1. Almost everyone … very hard. (work)

___________________________________________________

2. We … from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. (work)

___________________________________________________

3. Mr Wilson … a private office. (have)

___________________________________________________

 4. Miss Peters … letters for me. (write)

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 5. Mr Wilson … the reports. (study)

 

4. Поставьте глагол в 3-е лицо единственного числа.

Пример: We grow flowers in the garden. (Mrs Green) - Mrs Green grows flowers in the garden.

1. I want to study German. (Nick) ………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. They refuse to help us. (Mary) ……………………………………………………………………………………………….

3. My children study hard. (My son)………………………………………………………………………………………...

4. These students speak English fluently. (This student)…………………………………………………………………………………………

5. We know the right answer. (She) …………………………………………………………………………………………….

 6. They always tell the truth. (My friend) ………………………………………………………………………………………

 7. These planes fly from London to Madrid. (This plane)……………………………………………………………………………………..

 8. They make a lot of money. (His father)………………………………………………………………………………………

9.These books give a lot of information. (The book)…………………………………………………………………………………………

 10. They teach History. (Mr Brown)……………………………………………………………………………………………...

 

 

5. Заполните пропуски, используя don’t или doesn’t.

1. We … listen to the radio every night. 2. Mr Johnson … have a private office. 3. The boys … study at the library every day. 4. These exercises … seem very difficult. 5. The men … always eat at that cafeteria. 6. That tall man … work for this company. 7. The peoplespeak English very well.

6. Исправьте следующие утверждения.

Пример: The sun rises in the west. – The sun doesn`t rise in the west. It rises in the east.

1. Snow melts in winter…………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. Dolphins live in forests ………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

3. The Sun goes round the Earth ………………………………………………………………………………………………….

4. Spring comes after autumn …………………………………………………………………………………………………….

5. The Japanese live in the south …………………………………………………………………………………………………

7. Составьте вопросы и ответьте на них, используя слова always, often, sometimes, never, seldom, usually.

Пример: your father / to read newspapers / in the evening?

Does your father read newspapers in the evening?

Yes, he usually (always) reads newspapers in the evening.

No, he never (seldom) reads newspapers in the evening.

1. You / to get up early? …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

2. Your friend / to phone / on one`s day-off? …………………………………………………………………………………….

3. You / to help mother / to do the shopping? ……………………………………………………………………………………

4. Your parents / to go on holidays together? …………………………………………………………………………………….

5. Your father / to go fishing / at the weekend? …………………………………………………………………………………

6. You / to quarrel / with friends? ………………………………………………………………………………………………..

7. You / to visit / grandparents? …………………………………………………………………………………………………..

8. Your mother / to cook / delicious dinners? …………………………………………………………………………………….

9. Your friend / to help with homework? ………………………………………………………………………………………...

 10. You / to have nightmares? …………………………………………………………………………………………………….

 

8. Образуйте вопросительную форму данных предложений:

 

1. Mary takes the dog for a walk in the evenings.

___________________________________________________

2. Peter buys a morning newspaper every day.

___________________________________________________

3. I come to every class.

___________________________________________________

4. We go to the seaside every summer.

___________________________________________________

5. You go shopping on Saturday mornings.

___________________________________________________

6. Peter plays the piano very well.

___________________________________________________

7. The sun rises in the west.

___________________________________________________

8. My big brother knows everything.

___________________________________________________

9. Dogs like cats.

___________________________________________________

10. Some children like chocolate.

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